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January 30th, 1972 remains arguably the most deadly – and momentous – dates during multiple decades of conflict in Northern Ireland.

Throughout the area of the incident – the legacy of the tragic events are visible on the walls and embedded in collective memory.

A protest demonstration was held on a chilly yet clear period in the city.

The protest was a protest against the system of internment – holding suspects without legal proceedings – which had been established following multiple years of violence.

Military personnel from the specialized division killed thirteen individuals in the district – which was, and remains, a predominantly nationalist community.

One image became notably prominent.

Photographs showed a religious figure, the priest, using a blood-stained white handkerchief in his effort to shield a crowd carrying a teenager, Jackie Duddy, who had been fatally wounded.

News camera operators recorded considerable film on the day.

Documented accounts contains Fr Daly telling a reporter that troops "gave the impression they would discharge weapons randomly" and he was "absolutely certain" that there was no reason for the shooting.

This account of events wasn't accepted by the first inquiry.

The Widgery Tribunal concluded the soldiers had been fired upon initially.

In the resolution efforts, Tony Blair's government established a fresh examination, in response to advocacy by family members, who said the initial inquiry had been a cover-up.

That year, the findings by the investigation said that on balance, the paratroopers had discharged weapons initially and that none of the victims had posed any threat.

The then government leader, David Cameron, apologised in the government chamber – saying deaths were "without justification and inexcusable."

Authorities started to look into the events.

One former paratrooper, identified as Soldier F, was brought to trial for killing.

He was charged over the fatalities of the first individual, in his twenties, and in his mid-twenties another victim.

The defendant was also accused of seeking to harm several people, additional persons, Joe Mahon, another person, and an unnamed civilian.

Remains a legal order protecting the defendant's anonymity, which his attorneys have maintained is required because he is at danger.

He testified the investigation that he had exclusively discharged his weapon at persons who were carrying weapons.

The statement was disputed in the final report.

Material from the inquiry could not be used immediately as testimony in the criminal process.

In court, the accused was hidden from public behind a blue curtain.

He addressed the court for the first time in the proceedings at a proceeding in that month, to reply "innocent" when the allegations were read.

Relatives of those who were killed on that day made the trip from Londonderry to Belfast Crown Court daily of the trial.

A family member, whose brother Michael was died, said they understood that attending the proceedings would be difficult.

"I can see the events in my mind's eye," he said, as we walked around the primary sites discussed in the proceedings – from Rossville Street, where his brother was fatally wounded, to the adjacent the courtyard, where one victim and another victim were died.

"It even takes me back to my location that day.

"I participated in moving the victim and lay him in the ambulance.

"I experienced again every moment during the testimony.

"Notwithstanding having to go through the process – it's still valuable for me."